See pernah on Wiktionary
{
"etymology_links": [
[
"pernah",
"pernah#Malay"
],
[
"पारणा",
"पारणा#Sanskrit"
]
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "",
"2": "i",
"3": "I"
},
"expansion": "I",
"name": "yesno"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "id",
"2": "ms",
"3": "pernah",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Malay pernah",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "id",
"2": "ms",
"3": "pernah"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Malay pernah",
"name": "inh+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "id",
"2": "sa",
"3": "पारणा",
"4": "",
"5": "going through"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit पारणा (pāraṇā, “going through”)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Malay pernah, from Sanskrit पारणा (pāraṇā, “going through”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "pêrnah",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"head": "pêrnah"
},
"expansion": "pêrnah",
"name": "id-adv"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"per‧nah"
],
"hyphenations": [
{
"parts": [
"per‧nah"
]
}
],
"lang": "Indonesian",
"lang_code": "id",
"pos": "adv",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Indonesian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 2 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "79 21 0",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 2 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "72 28 0",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"english": "never",
"translation": "never",
"word": "tidak pernah"
},
{
"english": "never so far but might happen one day",
"translation": "never so far but might happen one day",
"word": "belum pernah"
}
],
"glosses": [
"semelfactive or non-iterative aspect i. e. the action or situation has happened once or more but did not repeat itself"
],
"id": "en-pernah-id-adv-bADtpPBN",
"links": [
[
"semelfactive",
"semelfactive#English"
],
[
"iterative",
"iterative#English"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "sempat"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/pərˈnah/",
"tags": [
"Standard-Indonesian"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[pərˈnah]",
"tags": [
"Standard-Indonesian"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-ah"
}
],
"word": "pernah"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"english": "never so far but might happen one day",
"translation": "never so far but might happen one day",
"word": "belum pernah"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"english": "never (colloquial)",
"translation": "never (colloquial)",
"word": "tak pernah"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"english": "never",
"translation": "never",
"word": "tidak pernah"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Indonesian",
"lang_code": "id",
"raw_tags": [
"inherited",
"inherited"
],
"word": "pernah"
}
],
"etymology_links": [
[
"पारणा",
"पारणा#Sanskrit"
]
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ms",
"2": "sa",
"3": "पारणा",
"4": "",
"5": "going through"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit पारणा (pāraṇā, “going through”)",
"name": "uder"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Sanskrit पारणा (pāraṇā, “going through”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "ڤرنه",
"tags": [
"Jawi"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"j": "ڤرنه"
},
"expansion": "pernah (Jawi spelling ڤرنه)",
"name": "ms-adv"
}
],
"hyphenations": [
{
"parts": [
"per",
"nah"
]
}
],
"lang": "Malay",
"lang_code": "ms",
"pos": "adv",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "100 0",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Malay entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "100 0",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Malay undefined derivations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
5,
11
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
2,
6
]
],
"english": "I have been to London.",
"text": "Saya pernah pergi ke London.",
"translation": "I have been to London.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
4,
10
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
3,
10
]
],
"english": "He used to work here.",
"text": "Dia pernah bekerja di sini.",
"translation": "He used to work here.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"ever; once; used to; have (indicating that an action or state occurred at least once in the past)."
],
"id": "en-pernah-ms-adv-hu-HSerU",
"links": [
[
"ever",
"ever"
],
[
"once",
"once"
],
[
"used to",
"used to"
],
[
"have",
"have"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
11,
17
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
7,
12
]
],
"english": "I have never eaten durian.",
"text": "Saya tidak pernah makan durian.",
"translation": "I have never eaten durian.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
10,
16
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
7,
12
]
],
"english": "He has never yet failed.",
"text": "Dia belum pernah gagal.",
"translation": "He has never yet failed.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"never."
],
"id": "en-pernah-ms-adv-xcZ556I9",
"links": [
[
"never",
"never"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(with a negative word) never."
],
"raw_tags": [
"with a negative word"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/pə(r)ˈnah/ [pə(r)ˈnah]",
"note": "Southern Peninsular Malaysia Standard"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q9237 (msa)-GinormousBuildings-pernah (NR).wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/f/fd/LL-Q9237_%28msa%29-GinormousBuildings-pernah_%28NR%29.wav/LL-Q9237_%28msa%29-GinormousBuildings-pernah_%28NR%29.wav.mp3",
"note": "non-rhotic",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/f/fd/LL-Q9237_%28msa%29-GinormousBuildings-pernah_%28NR%29.wav/LL-Q9237_%28msa%29-GinormousBuildings-pernah_%28NR%29.wav.ogg",
"tags": [
"Malaysia"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/pərˈnah/",
"note": "Literary Standard"
},
{
"ipa": "[pərˈnah]",
"note": "Literary Standard"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q9237 (msa)-GinormousBuildings-pernah (R).wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/0d/LL-Q9237_%28msa%29-GinormousBuildings-pernah_%28R%29.wav/LL-Q9237_%28msa%29-GinormousBuildings-pernah_%28R%29.wav.mp3",
"note": "rhotic",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/0d/LL-Q9237_%28msa%29-GinormousBuildings-pernah_%28R%29.wav/LL-Q9237_%28msa%29-GinormousBuildings-pernah_%28R%29.wav.ogg",
"tags": [
"Malaysia"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-nah"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ah"
}
],
"word": "pernah"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"derived": [
{
"english": "never",
"translation": "never",
"word": "tidak pernah"
},
{
"english": "never so far but might happen one day",
"translation": "never so far but might happen one day",
"word": "belum pernah"
}
],
"etymology_links": [
[
"pernah",
"pernah#Malay"
],
[
"पारणा",
"पारणा#Sanskrit"
]
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "",
"2": "i",
"3": "I"
},
"expansion": "I",
"name": "yesno"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "id",
"2": "ms",
"3": "pernah",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Malay pernah",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "id",
"2": "ms",
"3": "pernah"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Malay pernah",
"name": "inh+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "id",
"2": "sa",
"3": "पारणा",
"4": "",
"5": "going through"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit पारणा (pāraṇā, “going through”)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Malay pernah, from Sanskrit पारणा (pāraṇā, “going through”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "pêrnah",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"head": "pêrnah"
},
"expansion": "pêrnah",
"name": "id-adv"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"per‧nah"
],
"hyphenations": [
{
"parts": [
"per‧nah"
]
}
],
"lang": "Indonesian",
"lang_code": "id",
"pos": "adv",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Indonesian 2-syllable words",
"Indonesian adverbs",
"Indonesian entries with incorrect language header",
"Indonesian lemmas",
"Indonesian terms derived from Malay",
"Indonesian terms derived from Sanskrit",
"Indonesian terms inherited from Malay",
"Indonesian terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:Indonesian/ah",
"Rhymes:Indonesian/ah/2 syllables"
],
"glosses": [
"semelfactive or non-iterative aspect i. e. the action or situation has happened once or more but did not repeat itself"
],
"links": [
[
"semelfactive",
"semelfactive#English"
],
[
"iterative",
"iterative#English"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "sempat"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/pərˈnah/",
"tags": [
"Standard-Indonesian"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[pərˈnah]",
"tags": [
"Standard-Indonesian"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-ah"
}
],
"word": "pernah"
}
{
"categories": [
"Malay 2-syllable words",
"Malay adverbs",
"Malay entries with incorrect language header",
"Malay lemmas",
"Malay terms derived from Sanskrit",
"Malay terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Malay undefined derivations",
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:Malay/ah",
"Rhymes:Malay/ah/2 syllables",
"Rhymes:Malay/nah",
"Rhymes:Malay/nah/2 syllables"
],
"derived": [
{
"english": "never so far but might happen one day",
"translation": "never so far but might happen one day",
"word": "belum pernah"
},
{
"english": "never (colloquial)",
"translation": "never (colloquial)",
"word": "tak pernah"
},
{
"english": "never",
"translation": "never",
"word": "tidak pernah"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Indonesian",
"lang_code": "id",
"raw_tags": [
"inherited",
"inherited"
],
"word": "pernah"
}
],
"etymology_links": [
[
"पारणा",
"पारणा#Sanskrit"
]
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ms",
"2": "sa",
"3": "पारणा",
"4": "",
"5": "going through"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit पारणा (pāraṇā, “going through”)",
"name": "uder"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Sanskrit पारणा (pāraṇā, “going through”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "ڤرنه",
"tags": [
"Jawi"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"j": "ڤرنه"
},
"expansion": "pernah (Jawi spelling ڤرنه)",
"name": "ms-adv"
}
],
"hyphenations": [
{
"parts": [
"per",
"nah"
]
}
],
"lang": "Malay",
"lang_code": "ms",
"pos": "adv",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Malay terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
5,
11
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
2,
6
]
],
"english": "I have been to London.",
"text": "Saya pernah pergi ke London.",
"translation": "I have been to London.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
4,
10
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
3,
10
]
],
"english": "He used to work here.",
"text": "Dia pernah bekerja di sini.",
"translation": "He used to work here.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"ever; once; used to; have (indicating that an action or state occurred at least once in the past)."
],
"links": [
[
"ever",
"ever"
],
[
"once",
"once"
],
[
"used to",
"used to"
],
[
"have",
"have"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Malay terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
11,
17
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
7,
12
]
],
"english": "I have never eaten durian.",
"text": "Saya tidak pernah makan durian.",
"translation": "I have never eaten durian.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
10,
16
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
7,
12
]
],
"english": "He has never yet failed.",
"text": "Dia belum pernah gagal.",
"translation": "He has never yet failed.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"never."
],
"links": [
[
"never",
"never"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(with a negative word) never."
],
"raw_tags": [
"with a negative word"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/pə(r)ˈnah/ [pə(r)ˈnah]",
"note": "Southern Peninsular Malaysia Standard"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q9237 (msa)-GinormousBuildings-pernah (NR).wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/f/fd/LL-Q9237_%28msa%29-GinormousBuildings-pernah_%28NR%29.wav/LL-Q9237_%28msa%29-GinormousBuildings-pernah_%28NR%29.wav.mp3",
"note": "non-rhotic",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/f/fd/LL-Q9237_%28msa%29-GinormousBuildings-pernah_%28NR%29.wav/LL-Q9237_%28msa%29-GinormousBuildings-pernah_%28NR%29.wav.ogg",
"tags": [
"Malaysia"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/pərˈnah/",
"note": "Literary Standard"
},
{
"ipa": "[pərˈnah]",
"note": "Literary Standard"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q9237 (msa)-GinormousBuildings-pernah (R).wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/0d/LL-Q9237_%28msa%29-GinormousBuildings-pernah_%28R%29.wav/LL-Q9237_%28msa%29-GinormousBuildings-pernah_%28R%29.wav.mp3",
"note": "rhotic",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/0d/LL-Q9237_%28msa%29-GinormousBuildings-pernah_%28R%29.wav/LL-Q9237_%28msa%29-GinormousBuildings-pernah_%28R%29.wav.ogg",
"tags": [
"Malaysia"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-nah"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ah"
}
],
"word": "pernah"
}
Download raw JSONL data for pernah meaning in All languages combined (6.2kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-09-25 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-09-02 using wiktextract (1a05e46 and e3d6d4e). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.